股票期货突破技术分析(英文原版)-第14部分

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stinction　is。not　that　important。　What　is。important　is。the　price　movement　in　the　next　session；　the　same　as。for　a　spinning　top　or　harami。　
If　a　shooting　star　appears。near　the　top　of　an　uptrend　and　the　next　day　produces。a　large　black。candlestick；　it　is。a　shooting　star　on　the　eve　of　three　rivers—and　a　decisive　top　signal；　if　it　is。followed　by　an　engulfing　pattern　（tsutsumi）；　it　is。also　a　top　reversal　signal　because　the　stock。is。being　〃carried　for　the　last　time”。　Similarly；　alter　a　downtrend；　a　gravestone　followed　by　a　three　rivers。pattern　would　be　a　decisive　bottom　signal；　whereas。an　engulfing　pattern　means。that　the　stock。is　being　〃picked　straight　up”。　
Both　upper　shadows　and　lower　shadows　can　indicate　tops。or　bottoms。　It's。more　mon　for　a　long　lower　shadow　to　appear　after　a　downtrend　than　an　uptrend；　and　likewise　a　long　upper　shadow　is。more　mon　alter　an　uptrend　than　a　downtrend。　In　other　words；　a　takuri　is。more　mon　than　a　hanging　man　and　a　shooting　star　is。more　mon　than　a　gravestone。　
Another　classic。pattern　near　the　top　of　a　trend　is。the　dark。cloud　cover　（kabuse）。　This　pattern　often　is。seen　when　the　market　is。in　an　uptrend　and　thought　to　be　continuing　upward　but　when　it　appears。near　the　top；　it　should　be　interpreted　as　a　warning　sign。　The　inversion　of　a　dark。cloud　cover　is。the　piercing　pattern　（kirikomi）　which　appears。near　the　bottom　and　indicates。the　market　is。bottoming　out。　Although　they　differ　in　their　bullish　and　bearish　indications；　these　patterns。have　exactly　the　same　psychology　at　work　in　their　production。　
Dark　Cloudver　
In　this。pattern；　a　paratively。large　white　candlestick。is。followed　by。a　black。candlestick。that　opens　higher　than　the　white　candlestick's。close　（higher　than　the　top　of　its　real　body　and　resembling　a　dark。cloud　on　top　of　the　white　candlestick）。　If　a　large　black。candlestick。is。formed　near　the　top　and　extends。below　the　median　price　for　the　previous。day。　it　usually　indicates　a　reversal。　However；　if　the　next　day's。price　exceeds。the　black。candlestick's。high；　the　dark。cloud　cover　has。broken　and　the　uptrend　monly　accelerates。　（Figure　4。13）　

There　are　other　variations。on　dark。cloud　cover；　depending　on　the　degree　of　coverage。　Some　examples。include　atekubi；　sashikomi；　and　irikubi；　but　they　can　be　considered　to　have　the　same　basic。meaning。　
A　fairly　convincing　argument　can　be　made　about　the　formation　of　dark。cloud　cover　and　the　reason　the　psychological　state　among　market　participants。leading　to　it　results。in　the　formation　of　a　top。　Here's。what　happens：　The　market　is。in　an　uptrend；　and　a　fairly　large　white　candlestick。is。formed。　If　the　session　closes。at　or　near　the　high；　most　people　believe　that　there　will　be　more　gains。the　next　day　because　this。stock。still　has。a　long　way　to　go。　If　it　does。indeed　open　higher　the　next　day；　it　would　not　be　unmon　to　think。that　the　bulls。will　crowd　in　because　their　anticipation　has。been　confirmed。　In　some　cases；　there　is。a　window　or　gap　（see　Figure　4。22）　that　is。opened　and　the　price　continues。to　soar。　But　what　if　that　doesn't　happen？　The　stock。has　gapped　significantly　higher；　but　at　（or　near）　the　high；　it　begins。to　slide。　More　investors。decide　that　this。must　be　the　end；　and　the　decline　accelerates。　If　the　market　is。indeed　still　bullish；　the　decline　should　stop　at　the　previous。day's。high　or　close；　but　if　it　breaks。through　the　previous。day's。close　and　still　does　not　stop；　more　selling　piles。on。　At　the　end　of　the　day；　the　stock。closes。far　below　the　previous。day's。close　and　investors。ask。themselves；　〃What　were　yesterday's。gains。all　about　anyway？〃　A　top　has。formed。　If；　on　the　third　day；　the　stock。opens。even　lower；　then　the　worst　has。been　confirmed　and　more　shares。are　dumped；　as。it　to　corroborate　the　peak。　
If　these　two　days。of　movement　were　pressed　into　one；　it　would　produce　an　upper　shadow　or　a　lower　shadow—the　same　shape　as。a　shooting　star　or　hanging　man。　This。is。yet　another　and　very　convincing　reason　why　dark　cloud　cover　is。a　pattern　that　indicates　a　top。　
The　Piercing。Pattern　
In　this。pattern；　the　first　day　has。a　large　black。candlestick。followed　on　the　second　day　by　a　large　white　candlestick；　extending　above　the　middle　of　the　black。candlestick。　Often　the　pattern　indicates。that　the　selling　is。over；　a　long　downtrend　hase　to　an　end　and　an　upward　reversal　has。begun。　

This。pattern　is。exactly。the　opposite　of　dark。cloud　cover。　The　price　has。been　sliding　downward；　and　there　is。a　large　black。candlestick。causing　most　people　to　think　that　the　stock　has。even　farther　to　drop。　If；　in　the　midst　of　this。market　sentiment；　the　stock。opens。significantly　lower；　most　people　might　think。that　it's。heading　farther　down　and　bee　bearish。　However；　if　the　opening　is。actually　at　（or　near）　the　bottom　and　the　price　starts　to　rebound；　investors。who　sold　short　begin　to　buy　back　their　positions；　and　bargain　hunters。decide　that　they　had　better　jump　in　quickly；　amplifying　the　rebound　so　that　the　stork。closes。significantly　higher　than　it　did　the　previous。day　and　participants。perceive　it　to　have　bottomed　out。　
It　may　be　easier　to　understand　this。if　the　two　days’　movement　ispressed　into　one。　A　large　decline　followed　by　a　higher　close　will　produce　a　long　lower　shadow；　and　this。shape—appearing　at　or　near　the　bottom—is。the　same　as。a　takuri　and　usually　marks。the　bottom　of　the　trend。　（Figure　4。14）　
In　a　piercing　pattern；　the　first　day　hits。a　large　black。candlestick；　followed　on　the　next　day　by　a　large　while　candlestick。that　extends。above　the　middle　of　the　black。candlestick。　An　inverse　to　dark。cloud　cover；　the　pattern　often　indicates。that　the　selling　is。over；　a　long　downtrend　hase　to　an　end　and　an　upward　reversal　has。begun。　
The　Engulfing。Pattern　
This。pattern　is。sometimes。referred　to　as。tsutsumi　or　daki　（hug）。　A　candlestick。with　a　small　real　body　is。engulfed　by　a　larger　candlestick；　resembling　a　mother　hugging　her　child。　In　other　words；　the　first　day　is。white　and　the　second　day　is。also　white；　and　the　second　day。has。opened　below　the　first　day's。open　and　closed　above　the　first　day's。close。　Regardless。of　whether　white　or　black。candlesticks。are　involved；　the　key　characteristic。of　the　engulfing　pattern　is。that　the　real　body　of　the　second　day　is。larger　on　both　the　top　and　bottom　than　the　real　body　of　the　first。　Were　the　two　days’　movement　pressed　into　one；　it　would　form　a　long　upper　shadow　or　lower　shadow；　which　makes。it　easy　to　understand　why　it　is。a　top　or　bottom　reversal。　
If；　at　or　near　the　top；　a　large　black。candlestick。engulfs。the　previous。day's。smaller　can…dlestick；　it's。not　surprising　that　this。would　mark。the　peak；　but　a　large　black。candlestick。near　the　bottom　of　a　downtrend；　which　would　seem　to　indicate　further　declines；　often　marks。the　bottoming…out　point。　Similarly；　a　large　engulfing　white　candlestick。at　or　near　the　bottom　of　a　downtrend　is。easily　taken　as。an　indication　that　prices。have　bottomed　out；　but　it　is。surprisingly　mon　for　this。same　engulfing　white　candlestick。to　mark。the　top　in　an　uptrend　（see　Figure　4。15）。　

Harami　
In　the　harami　pattern；　a　large　candlestick。of　either　color　is。followed　by　a　smaller　candlestick；　resulting　in　a　shape　that　resembles。a　pregnant　woman　（which　is。the　meaning　of　harami）。　Harami　is。another　reversal　pattern；　the　child　is。seen　as。separating　from　the　mother　（see　Figure　4。16）。　When　this。pattern　appears。at　or　near　the　top　of　an　uptrend　and　consists。of　a　large　white　candlestick。followed　by　a　small　white　candlestick。（white/white　harami）；　it　is　mon　for　the　trend　to　break。downward；　marking　a　peak。　Conversely；　when　this。pattern　appears。at　or　near　the　bottom　of　a　downtrend　and　consists。of　a　large　black。candlestick。followed　by　a　small　black。candlestick。（black/black。harami）；　it　ismon　for　the　trend　to　break。upward；　marking　a　trough。　
Harami　pattern　is。the　opposite　of　an　engulfing　pattern。　Price　movements。are　entirely　within　the　range　of　the　previous。day。　The　question　is。not　really　whether　they　are　white　candlesticks。or　black。candlesticks。　The　decision　to　sell　or　buy　depends。on　where　the　pattern　is。seen　（near　the　top　or　near　the　bottom）。　The　first　day's。candlestick。isnsidered　the　mother；　the　second　day’s。is　the　child　she　carries。　A　reversal　in　the　trend　is。very　mon　when　the　child　is。a　doji。　Market　wisdom　says　to　follow　the　break。with　a　harami。　If　either　the　previous。day's。high　or　low　is。exceeded；　the　trend　usually　continues。in　that　direction。　
Whether　the　shadows。are　included　in　the　large　candlestick　is。disputed。　Some　argue　that　the　shadows。should　not　be　included　in　either　the　mother　or　the　child；　others。believe　that　for　the　mother　（the　large　candlestick）；　the　shadows　should　be　included；　whereas。for　the　child　（the　smaller　candlestick）；　they　should　not　be　included。　

Figure　4。17　shows。the　kind　of　price　movements。likely　to　produce　a　harami　pattern；　which　is。the　same　as。the　triangle；　or　pennant　pattern　in　other　forms。of　technical　analysis。　The　lop　is。flat　and　the　bottoms。keep　moving　higher；　or　the　bottom　is。Hat　and　the　tops。keep　moving　lower；　or　the　bottoms。rise　and　the　tops。fall　at　the　same　time　within　a　limited　range　of　movement。　In　the　triangle　pattern　like　that　in　Figure　4。17；　the　break　es。when　the　price　breaks。through　either　the　upper　resistance　line　or　lower　resistance　line。　
Therefore；　if　a　harami　appears。in　an　uptrend　and　breaks。downward　the　next　day；　the　price　tends。to　keep　falli