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酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��
to die in great misery。 The richer sort are often endeavoring to
bring the hire of laborers lower�察�not only by their fraudulent
practices�察�but by the laws which they procure to be made to that
effect�察�so that though it is a thing most unjust in itself�察�to
give such small rewards to those who deserve so well of the
public�察�yet they have given those hardships the name and color of
justice�察�by procuring laws to be made for regulating them。
Therefore I must say that�察�as I hope for mercy�察�I can have no
other notion of all the other governments that I see or know�察�than
that they are a conspiracy of the rich�察�who on pretence of
managing the public only pursue their private ends�察�and devise all
the ways and arts they can find out�察�first�察�that they may�察�without
danger�察�preserve all that they have so ill acquired�察�and then that
they may engage the poor to toil and labor for them at as low
rates as possible�察�and oppress them as much as they please。 And if
they can but prevail to get these contrivances established by the
show of public authority�察�which is considered as the
representative of the whole people�察�then they are accounted laws。
Yet these wicked men after they have�察�by a most insatiable
covetousness�察�divided that among themselves with which all the
rest might have been well supplied�察�are far from that happiness
that is enjoyed among the Utopians�此�for the use as well as the
desire of money being extinguished�察�much anxiety and great
occasions of mischief is cut off with it。 And who does not see
that the frauds�察�thefts�察�robberies�察�quarrels�察�tumults�察�
contentions�察�seditions�察�murders�察�treacheries�察�and witchcrafts�察�
which are indeed rather punished than restrained by the severities
of law�察�would all fall off�察�if money were not any more valued by
the world�拭�Men's fears�察�solicitudes�察�cares�察�labors�察�and watchings�察�
would all perish in the same moment with the value of money�此�even
poverty itself�察�for the relief of which money seems most
necessary�察�would fall。 But�察�in order to the apprehending this
aright�察�take one instance。
Consider any year that has been so unfruitful that many thousands
have died of hunger�察�and yet if at the end of that year a survey
was made of the granaries of all the rich men that have hoarded up
the corn�察�it would be found that there was enough among them to
have prevented all that consumption of men that perished in
misery�察�and that if it had been distributed among them�察�none would
have felt the terrible effects of that scarcity�察�so easy a thing
would it be to supply all the necessities of life�察�if that blessed
thing called money�察�which is pretended to be invented for
procuring them�察�was not really the only thing that obstructed
their being procured��
I do not doubt but rich men are sensible of this�察�and that they
well know how much a greater happiness it is to want nothing
necessary than to abound in many superfluities�察�and to be rescued
out of so much misery than to abound with so much wealth�察�and I
cannot think but the sense of every man's interest�察�added to the
authority of Christ's commands�察�who as He was infinitely wise�察�
knew what was best�察�and was not less good in discovering it to us�察�
would have drawn all the world over to the laws of the Utopians�察�
if pride�察�that plague of human nature�察�that source of so much
misery�察�did not hinder it�察�for this vice does not measure
happiness so much by its own conveniences as by the miseries of
others�察�and would not be satisfied with being thought a goddess�察�
if none were left that were miserable�察�over whom she might insult。
Pride thinks its own happiness shines the brighter by comparing it
with the misfortunes of other persons�察�that by displaying its own
wealth�察�they may feel their poverty the more sensibly。 This is
that infernal serpent that creeps into the breasts of mortals�察�and
possesses them too much to be easily drawn out�察�and therefore I am
glad that the Utopians have fallen upon this form of government�察�
in which I wish that all the world could be so wise as to imitate
them�察�for they have indeed laid down such a scheme and foundation
of policy�察�that as men live happily under it�察�so it is like to be
of great continuance�察�for they having rooted out of the minds of
their people all the seeds both of ambition and faction�察�there is
no danger of any commotion at home�察�which alone has been the ruin
of many States that seemed otherwise to be well secured�察�but as
long as they live in peace at home�察�and are governed by such good
laws�察�the envy of all their neighboring princes�察�who have often
though in vain attempted their ruin�察�will never be able to put
their State into any commotion or disorder。
When Raphael had thus made an end of speaking�察�though many things
occurred to me�察�both concerning the manners and laws of that
people�察�that seemed very absurd�察�as well in their way of making
war�察�as in their notions of religion and divine matters�察�together
with several other particulars�察�but chiefly what seemed the
foundation of all the rest�察�their living in common�察�without the
use of money�察�by which all nobility�察�magnificence�察�splendor�察�and
majesty�察�which�察�according to the common opinion�察�are the true
ornaments of a nation�察�would be quite taken away��yet since I
perceived that Raphael was weary�察�and was not sure whether he
could easily bear contradiction�察�remembering that he had taken
notice of some who seemed to think they were bound in honor to
support the credit of their own wisdom�察�by finding out something
to censure in all other men's inventions�察�besides their own�察�I
only commended their constitution�察�and the account he had given of
it in general�察�and so taking him by the hand�察�carried him to
supper�察�and told him I would find out some other time for
examining this subject more particularly�察�and for discoursing more
copiously upon it�察�and indeed I shall be glad to embrace an
opportunity of doing it。 In the meanwhile�察�though it must be
confessed that he is both a very learned man�察�and a person who has
obtained a great knowledge of the world�察�I cannot perfectly agree
to everything he has related�察�however�察�there are many things in
the Commonwealth of Utopia that I rather wish�察�than hope�察�to see
followed in our governments。
The End
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
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