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      magistrates。 The severest thing that the priest does is the 


      excluding those that are desperately wicked from joining in their 


      worship。 There is not any sort of punishment more dreaded by them 


      than this�察�for as it loads them with infamy�察�so it fills them with 


      secret horrors�察�such is their reverence to their religion�察�nor 


      will their bodies be long exempted from their share of trouble�察�


      for if they do not very quickly satisfy the priests of the truth 


      of their repentance�察�they are seized on by the Senate�察�and 


      punished for their impiety。 The education of youth belongs to the 


      priests�察�yet they do not take so much care of instructing them in 


      letters as in forming their minds and manners aright�察�they use all 


      possible methods to infuse very early into the tender and flexible 


      minds of children such opinions as are both good in themselves and 


      will be useful to their country。 For when deep impressions of 


      these things are made at that age�察�they follow men through the 


      whole course of their lives�察�and conduce much to preserve the 


      peace of the government�察�which suffers by nothing more than by 


      vices that rise out of ill´opinions。 The wives of their priests 


      are the most extraordinary women of the whole country�察�sometimes 


      the women themselves are made priests�察�though that falls out but 


      seldom�察�nor are any but ancient widows chosen into that order。





      None of the magistrates has greater honor paid him than is paid 


      the priests�察�and if they should happen to commit any crime�察�they 


      would not be questioned for it。 Their punishment is left to God�察�


      and to their own consciences�察�for they do not think it lawful to 


      lay hands on any man�察�how wicked soever he is�察�that has been in a 


      peculiar manner dedicated to God�察�nor do they find any great 


      inconvenience in this�察�both because they have so few priests�察�and 


      because these are chosen with much caution�察�so that it must be a 


      very unusual thing to find one who merely out of regard to his 


      virtue�察�and for his being esteemed a singularly good man�察�was 


      raised up to so great a dignity�察�degenerate into corruption and 


      vice。 And if such a thing should fall out�察�for man is a changeable 


      creature�察�yet there being few priests�察�and these having no 


      authority but what rises out of the respect that is paid them�察�


      nothing of great consequence to the public can proceed from the 


      indemnity that the priests enjoy。





      They have indeed very few of them�察�lest greater numbers sharing in 


      the same honor might make the dignity of that order which they 


      esteem so highly to sink in its reputation。 They also think it 


      difficult to find out many of such an exalted pitch of goodness�察�


      as to be equal to that dignity which demands the exercise of more 


      than ordinary virtues。 Nor are the priests in greater veneration 


      among them than they are among their neighboring nations�察�as you 


      may imagine by that which I think gives occasion for it。





      When the Utopians engage in battle�察�the priests who accompany them 


      to the war�察�apparelled in their sacred vestments�察�kneel down 


      during the action�察�in a place not far from the field�察�and lifting 


      up their hands to heaven�察�pray�察�first for peace�察�and then for 


      victory to their own side�察�and particularly that it may be gained 


      without the effusion of much blood on either side�察�and when the 


      victory turns to their side�察�they run in among their own men to 


      restrain their fury�察�and if any of their enemies see them�察�or call 


      to them�察�they are preserved by that means�察�and such as can come so 


      near them as to touch their garments�察�have not only their lives�察�


      but their fortunes secured to them�察�it is upon this account that 


      all the nations round about consider them so much�察�and treat them 


      with such reverence�察�that they have been often no less able to 


      preserve their own people from the fury of their enemies�察�than to 


      save their enemies from their rage�察�for it has sometimes fallen 


      out�察�that when their armies have been in disorder�察�and forced to 


      fly�察�so that their enemies were running upon the slaughter and 


      spoil�察�the priests by interposing have separated them from one 


      another�察�and stopped the effusion of more blood�察�so that by their 


      mediation a peace has been concluded on very reasonable terms�察�nor 


      is there any nation about them so fierce�察�cruel�察�or barbarous as 


      not to look upon their persons as sacred and inviolable。





      The first and the last day of the month�察�and of the year�察�is a 


      festival。 They measure their months by the course of the moon�察�and 


      their years by the course of the sun。 The first days are called in 


      their language the Cynemernes�察�and the last the Trapemernes�察�which 


      answers in our language to the festival that begins�察�or ends�察�the 


      season。





      They have magnificent temples�察�that are not only nobly built�察�but 


      extremely spacious�察�which is the more necessary�察�as they have so 


      few of them�察�they are a little dark within�察�which proceeds not 


      from any error in the architecture�察�but is done with design�察�for 


      their priests think that too much light dissipates the thoughts�察�


      and that a more moderate degree of it both recollects the mind and 


      raises devotion。 Though there are many different forms of religion 


      among them�察�yet all these�察�how various soever�察�agree in the main 


      point�察�which is the worshipping of the Divine Essence�察�and 


      therefore there is nothing to be seen or heard in their temples in 


      which the several persuasions among them may not agree�察�for every 


      sect performs those rites that are peculiar to it�察�in their 


      private houses�察�nor is there anything in the public worship that 


      contradicts the particular ways of those different sects。 There 


      are no images for God in their temples�察�so that everyone may 


      represent Him to his thoughts�察�according to the way of his 


      religion�察�nor do they call this one God by any other name than 


      that of Mithras�察�which is the common name by which they all 


      express the Divine Essence�察�whatsoever otherwise they think it to 


      be�察�nor are there any prayers among them but such as every one of 


      them may use without prejudice to his own opinion。





      They meet in their temples on the evening of the festival that 


      concludes a season�此�and not having yet broke their fast�察�they 


      thank God for their good success during that year or month�察�which 


      is then at an end�察�and the next day being that which begins the 


      new season�察�they meet early in their temples�察�to pray for the 


      happy progress of all their affairs during that period upon which 


      they then enter。 In the festival which concludes the period�察�


      before they go to the temple�察�both wives and children fall on 


      their knees before their husbands or parents�察�and confess 


      everything in which they have either erred or failed in their 


      duty�察�and beg pardon for it。 Thus all little discontents in 


      families are removed�察�that they may offer up their devotions with 


      a pure and serene mind�察�for they hold it a great impiety to enter 


      upon them with disturbed thoughts�察�or with a consciousness of 


      their bearing hatred or anger in their hearts to any person 


      whatsoever�察�and think that they should become liable to severe 


      punishments if they presumed to offer sacrifices without cleansing 


      their hearts�察�and reconciling all their differences。 In the 


      temples�察�the two sexes are separated�察�the men go to the right 


      hand�察�and the women to the left�察�and the males and females all 


      place themselves before the head and master or mistress of that 


      family to which they belong�察�so that those who have the government 


      of them at home may see their deportment in public�察�and they 


      intermingle them so�察�that the younger and the older may be set by 


      one another�察�for if the younger sort were all set together�察�they 


      would perhaps trifle away that time too much in which they ought 


      to beget in themselves that religious dread of the Supreme Being�察�


      which is the greatest and almost the only incitement to virtue。





      They offer up no living creature in sacrifice�察�nor do they think 


      it suitable to t
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