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as it were�察�in one breath。 ��100�� Also Ps。 cxxxix��7�察 �Wither shall I go from
Thy Spirit�察�or whither shall I flee from Thy presence�拭─�i。e。 whither shall I
go so as to be beyond Thy power and Thy presence�拭�
��101�� Lastly�察�the Spirit of the Lord is used in Scripture to express the
emotions of God�察�e。g。 His kindness and mercy�察�Micah ii��7�察 �Is the Spirit
��i。e。 the mercy�А �of the Lord straitened�拭 。�102�� Are these cruelties His
doings�拭─。�103�� Zech。 iv��6�察 �Not by might or by power�察�but My Spirit ��i。e。
mercy�В察 �saith the Lord of hosts。; ��104�� The twelfth verse of the seventh
chapter of the same prophet must�察�I think�察�be interpreted in like manner�此�
;Yea�察�they made their hearts as an adamant stone�察�lest they should hear the
law�察�and the words which the Lord of hosts hath sent in His Spirit ��i。e。 in
His mercy�А �by the former prophets。; ��105�� So also Haggai ii��5�此 �So My
Spirit remaineth among you�此�fear not。;
��106�� The passage in Isaiah xlviii��16�察 �And now the Lord and His
Spirit hath sent me�察─�may be taken to refer to God's mercy or His revealed
law�察�for the prophet says�察 �From the beginning; ��i。e。 from the time when I
first came to you�察 �to preach God's anger and His sentence forth against
you�� ;I spoke not in secret�察�from the time that it was�察�there am I�察─�and now
I am sent by the mercy of God as a joyful messenger to preach your
restoration。 ��107�� Or we may understand him to mean by the revealed law
that he had before come to warn them by the command of the law ��Levit。
xix��17�� in the same manner under the same conditions as Moses had
warned them�察�that now�察�like Moses�察�he ends by preaching their restoration。
��108�� But the first explanation seems to me the best。
��109�� Returning�察 �then�察 �to the main object of our discussion�察 �we find
that the Scriptural phrases�察 �The Spirit of the Lord was upon a prophet�察─�
;The Lord breathed His Spirit into men�察─ �Men were filled with the Spirit
of God�察 �with the Holy Spirit�察─ �&c。�察 �are quite clear to us�察 �and mean that
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prophets were endowed with a peculiar and extraordinary power�察 �and
devoted themselves to piety with especial constancy��3���察 �that thus they
perceived the mind or the thought of God�察�for we have shown that God's
Spirit signifies in Hebrew God's mind or thought�察�and that the law which
shows His mind and thought is called His Spirit�察 �hence that the
imagination of the prophets�察 �inasmuch as through it were revealed the
decrees of God�察�may equally be called the mind of God�察�and the prophets
be said to have possessed the mind of God。 ��110�� On our minds also the
mind of God and His eternal thoughts are impressed�察 �but this being the
same for all men is less taken into account�察 �especially by the Hebrews�察�
who claimed a pre´eminence�察 �and despised other men and other men's
knowledge。
��111�� Lastly�察 �the prophets were said to possess the Spirit of God
because men knew not the cause of prophetic knowledge�察 �and in their
wonder referred it with other marvels directly to the Deity�察 �styling it
Divine knowledge。
��111�� We need no longer scruple to affirm that the prophets only
perceived God's revelation by the aid of imagination�察�that is�察�by words and
figures either real or imaginary。 ��112�� We find no other means mentioned
in Scripture�察�and therefore must not invent any。 ��113�� As to the particular
law of Nature by which the communications took place�察 �I confess my
ignorance。 ��114�� I might�察�indeed�察�say as others do�察�that they took place by
the power of God�察 �but this would be mere trifling�察 �and no better than
explaining some unique specimen by a transcendental term。 ��115��
Everything takes place by the power of God。 ��116�� Nature herself is the
power of God under another name�察�and our ignorance of the power of God
is co´extensive with our ignorance of Nature。 ��117�� It is absolute folly�察�
therefore�察�to ascribe an event to the power of God when we know not its
natural cause�察�which is the power of God。
��118�� However�察�we are not now inquiring into the causes of prophetic
knowledge。 ��119�� We are only attempting�察�as I have said�察�to examine the
Scriptural documents�察 �and to draw our conclusions from them as from
ultimate natural facts�察�the causes of the documents do not concern us。
��120�� As the prophets perceived the revelations of God by the aid of
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imagination�察 �they could indisputably perceive much that is beyond the
boundary of the intellect�察 �for many more ideas can be constructed from
words and figures than from the principles and notions on which the whole
fabric of reasoned knowledge is reared。
��121�� Thus we have a clue to the fact that the prophets perceived
nearly everything in parables and allegories�察�and clothed spiritual truths in
bodily forms�察�for such is the usual method of imagination。 ��122�� We need
no longer wonder that Scripture and the prophets speak so strangely and
obscurely of God's Spirit or Mind ��cf。 Numbers xi��17�察 �1 Kings xxii��21�察�
&c。���察�that the Lord was seen by Micah as sitting�察�by Daniel as an old man
clothed in white�察 �by Ezekiel as a fire�察 �that the Holy Spirit appeared to
those with Christ as a descending dove�察�to the apostles as fiery tongues�察�to
Paul on his conversion as a great light。 ��123�� All these expressions are
plainly in harmony with the current ideas of God and spirits。
��124�� Inasmuch as imagination is fleeting and inconstant�察�we find that
the power of prophecy did not remain with a prophet for long�察 �nor
manifest itself frequently�察�but was very rare�察 �manifesting itself only in a
few men�察�and in them not often。
��125��We must necessarily inquire how the prophets became assured of
the truth of what they perceived by imagination�察�and not by sure mental
laws�察�but our investigation must be confined to Scripture�察�for the subject is
one on which we cannot acquire certain knowledge�察�and which we cannot
explain by the immediate causes。 ��126�� Scripture teaching about the
assurance of prophets I will treat of in the next chapter。
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CHAPTER II。 ´ OF PROPHETS。
��1�� It follows from the last chapter that�察 �as I have said�察 �the prophets
were endowed with unusually vivid imaginations�察�and not with unusually�察�
perfect minds。 ��2�� This conclusion is amply sustained by Scripture�察�for we
are told that Solomon was the wisest of men�察�but had no special faculty of
prophecy。 ��3�� Heman�察�Calcol�察�and Dara�察�though men of great talent�察�were
not prophets�察�whereas uneducated countrymen�察�nay�察�even women�察�such as
Hagar�察�Abraham's handmaid�察�were thus gifted。 ��4�� Nor is this contrary to
ordinary experience and reason。 ��5�� Men of great imaginative power are
less fitted for abstract reasoning�察�whereas those who excel in intellect and
its use keep their imagination more restrained and controlled�察�holding it in
subjection�察�so to speak�察�lest it should usurp the place of reason。
��6�� Thus to suppose that knowledge of natural and spiritual phenomena
can be gained from the prophetic books�察�is an utter mistake�察�which I shall
endeavour to expose�察�as I think philosophy�察�the age�察�and the question itself
demand。 ��7�� I care not for the girdings of superstition�察�for superstition is
the bitter enemy�察�of all true knowledge and true morality。 ��8�� Yes�察�it has
come to this� 。�9�� Men who openly confess that they can form no idea of
God�察�and only know Him through created things�察�of which they know not
the causes�察 �can unblushingly�察 �accuse philosophers of Atheism。 ��10��
Treating the question methodically�察�I will show that prophecies varied�察�not
only according to the imagination and physical temperament of the
prophet�察 �but also according to his particular opinions�察 �and further that
prophecy never rendered the p
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