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theologico-political treatise p1(舞僥嚥屓嵶廨籾冩梢1)-及16何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��


     ��91��   The   passages   which   they   think   teach   most   clearly   this   eternal 

election�察�are chiefly�此。�1。�� Jer。 xxxi��36�察�where the prophet testifies that the 

seed   of   Israel   shall   for   ever   remain   the   nation   of   God�察  �comparing   them 

with the stability of the heavens and nature�察�

     ��2。��   Ezek。   xx��32�察  �where   the   prophet   seems   to   intend   that   though   the 

Jews     wanted     after  the   help   afforded    them    to   turn  their   backs    on   the 



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worship   of   the   Lord�察  �that   God   would   nevertheless   gather   them   together 

again from all the lands in which they were dispersed�察�and lead them to the 

wilderness of the peoples ´ as He had led their fathers to the wilderness of 

the   land   of   Egypt   ´   and   would   at   length�察  �after   purging   out   from   among 

them the rebels and transgressors�察�bring them thence to his Holy mountain�察�

where the whole house of Israel should worship Him。 Other passages are 

also cited�察�especially by the Pharisees�察�but I think I shall satisfy everyone 

if I answer these two�察�and this I shall easily accomplish after showing from 

Scripture itself that God chose not the Hebrews for ever�察�but only on the 

condition under which He had formerly chosen the Canaanites�察�for these 

last�察�as we have shown�察�had priests who religiously worshipped God�察�and 

whom God at   length rejected   because of   their luxury�察  �pride�察�and   corrupt 

worship。 

     ��92��    Moses    ��Lev。   xviii��27��    warned     the  Israelites   that  they   be   not 

polluted with whoredoms�察�lest the land spue them out as it had spued out 

the   nations   who   had   dwelt   there   before�察  �and   in   Deut。   viii��19�察  �20�察  �in   the 

plainest terms He threatens their total ruin�察�for He says�察 �I testify against 

you    that   ye  shall   surely   perish。   ��93��   As   the  nations    which    the   Lord 

destroyeth before your face�察�so shall ye perish。; In like manner many other 

passages are found in the law which expressly show that God chose the 

Hebrews neither absolutely nor for ever。 ��94�� If�察�then�察�the prophets foretold 

for them a new covenant of the knowledge of God�察�love�察�and grace�察�such a 

promise is easily proved to be only made to the elect�察�for Ezekiel in the 

chapter which we have just quoted expressly says that God will separate 

from   them   the   rebellious   and   transgressors�察  �and   Zephaniah   ��iii��12�察  �13���察�

says that ;God will take away the proud from the midst of them�察�and leave 

the poor。; ��95�� Now�察�inasmuch as their election has regard to true virtue�察�it 

is not to be thought that it was promised to the Jews alone to the exclusion 

of others�察�but we must evidently believe that the true Gentile prophets ��and 

every nation�察�as we have shown�察�possessed such�� promised the same to the 

faithful of their own people�察�who were thereby comforted。 ��96�� Wherefore 

this eternal covenant of the knowledge of God and love is universal�察�as is 

clear�察�moreover�察�from Zeph。 iii��10�察�11 �此�no difference in this respect can be 

admitted between Jew and Gentile�察�nor did the former enjoy any special 



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election beyond that which we have pointed out。 

     ��97��   When   the   prophets�察  �in   speaking   of   this   election   which   regards 

only   true   virtue�察  �mixed   up   much   concerning   sacrifices   and   ceremonies�察�

and the rebuilding of the temple and city�察�they wished by such figurative 

expressions�察�after the manner and nature of prophecy�察�to expound matters 

spiritual�察�so as at the same time to show to the Jews�察�whose prophets they 

were�察  �the   true   restoration   of   the   state   and   of   the   temple   to   be   expected 

about the time of Cyrus。 

     ��98�� At the present time�察�therefore�察�there is absolutely nothing which 

the Jews can arrogate to themselves beyond other people。 

     ��99�� As   to   their   continuance   so   long   after   dispersion   and   the   loss   of 

empire�察�there is nothing marvellous in it�察�for they so separated themselves 

from every other nation as to draw down upon themselves universal hate�察�

not only by their outward rites�察�rites conflicting with those of other nations�察�

but    also   by   the   sign    of  circumcision       which     they   most    scrupulously 

observe。 

     ��100��   That     they   have    been    preserved     in   great  measure   by   Gentile 

hatred�察�experience demonstrates。 ��101�� When the king of Spain formerly 

compelled   the   Jews   to   embrace   the   State   religion   or   to   go   into   exile�察  �a 

large     number      of   Jews    accepted      Catholicism。       ��102��    Now�察    �as   these 

renegades   were   admitted   to   all   the   native   privileges   of   Spaniards�察  �and 

deemed worthy of filling all honourable offices�察�it came to pass that they 

straightway   became   so   intermingled   with   the   Spaniards   as   to   leave   of 

themselves       no   relic   or  remembrance。        ��103��    But    exactly    the   opposite 

happened       to  those    whom      the  king    of  Portugal     compelled      to   become 

Christians�察  �for   they   always�察  �though   converted�察  �lived   apart�察  �inasmuch   as 

they were considered unworthy of any civic honours。 

     ��104�� The sign of circumcision is�察�as I think�察�so important�察�that I could 

persuade   myself   that   it   alone   would   preserve   the   nation   for   ever。   ��105�� 

Nay�察�I would go so far as to believe that if the foundations of their religion 

have   not   emasculated   their   minds   they   may   even�察  �if   occasion   offers�察  �so 

changeable are human affairs�察�raise up their empire afresh�察�and that God 

may a second time elect them。 

     ��106��   Of   such   a   possibility   we   have   a   very   famous   example   in   the 



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Chinese。 ��107�� They�察�too�察�have some distinctive mark on their heads which 

they most scrupulously observe�察�and by which they keep themselves apart 

from     everyone     else�察  �and   have    thus   kept   themselves     during    so   many 

thousand   years   that   they   far   surpass   all   other   nations   in   antiquity。   ��108�� 

They  have   not   always   retained   empire�察  �but  they  have   recovered   it   when 

lost�察�and doubtless will do so again after the spirit of the Tartars becomes 

relaxed through the luxury of riches and pride。 

     ��109�� Lastly�察�if any one wishes to maintain that the Jews�察�from this or 

from   any   other     cause�察  �have   been    chosen   by   God   for   ever�察   �I   will  not 

gainsay him if he will admit that this choice�察�whether temporary or eternal�察�

has no regard�察�in so far as it is peculiar to the Jews�察�to aught but dominion 

and     physical     advantages      ��for    by   such     alone    can    one    nation    be 

distinguished from another���察�whereas in regard to intellect and true virtue�察�

every nation is on a par with the rest�察�and God has not in these respects 

chosen one people rather than another。 



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      CHAPTER IV。 ´ OF THE DIVINE 

                                      LAW。 



     ��1��   The   word    law�察 �taken   in  the  abstract�察  �means    that  by   which    an 

individual�察�or all things�察�or as many things as belong to a particular species�察�

act in one and the same fixed and definite manner�察�which manner depends 

either on natural necessity or on human decree。 ��2�� A law which depends 

on natural necessity is one which necessarily follows from the nature�察�or 

from   the   definition   of   the   thing   in   question�察  �a   law   which   depends   on 

human   decree�察  �and   which   is   more   correctly   called   an   ordinance�察  �is   one 

which men have laid down for themselves and others in order to live more 

safely or conveniently�察�or from some similar reason。 

     ��3��   For   example�察  �the  law   that   all   bodies   impinging   on   lesser   bodies�察�

lose as much of their own motion as they communicate to the latter is a 

universal law of all bodies�察�and depends on natural necessity。 ��4�� So�察�too�察�

the   law   that   a   man   in   remembering   one   thing�察  �straightway   remembers 

another either like it�察�or which he had perceived simultaneously with it�察�is 

a law which necessarily follows from the nature of man。 ��5�� But the law 

that men must yield�察�or be compelled to yield�察�somewhat of their natural 

right�察�and that they bind themselves to live in a certain way�察�depends on 

human      
卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��0�� 家��0��
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
梁椣戻幣�� 梁心弌傍議揖扮窟燕得胎��傍竃徭失議心隈才凪万弌誌育断蛍�輌臆惨軼僑〃�燕慕得珊辛參資誼持蛍才将刮襲潜��範寔亟圻幹慕得 瓜寡追葎娼得辛參資誼寄楚署衛、持蛍才将刮襲潜填��