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the Lord gave to this priest of God a tithe of all his spoils。 ��41�� This
sufficiently shows that before He founded the Israelitish nation God
constituted kings and priests in Jerusalem�察�and ordained for them rites and
laws。 ��42�� Whether He did so prophetically is�察 �as I have said�察 �not
sufficiently clear�察�but I am sure of this�察�that Abraham�察�whilst he sojourned
in the city�察�lived scrupulously according to these laws�察�for Abraham had
received no special rites from God�察�and yet it is stated ��Gen。 xxvi��5���察�that
he observed the worship�察�the precepts�察�the statutes�察�and the laws of God�察�
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which must be interpreted to mean the worship�察�the statutes�察�the precepts�察�
and the laws of king Melchisedek。 ��43�� Malachi chides the Jews as follows
��i��10´11。���此 �Who is there among you that will shut the doors�拭 。�of the
Temple�В察�neither do ye kindle fire on mine altar for nought。 ��44�� I have no
pleasure in you�察�saith the Lord of Hosts。 ��45�� For from the rising of the sun�察�
even until the going down of the same My Name shall be great among the
Gentiles�察�and in every place incense shall be offered in My Name�察�and a
pure offering�察�for My Name is great among the heathen�察�saith the Lord of
Hosts。; ��46�� These words�察 �which�察 �unless we do violence to them�察 �could
only refer to the current period�察 �abundantly testify that the Jews of that
time were not more beloved by God than other nations�察 �that God then
favoured other nations with more miracles than He vouchsafed to the Jews�察�
who had then partly recovered their empire without miraculous aid�察�and�察�
lastly�察�that the Gentiles possessed rites and ceremonies acceptable to God。
��47�� But I pass over these points lightly�此�it is enough for my purpose to
have shown that the election of the Jews had regard to nothing but
temporal physical happiness and freedom�察 �in other words�察 �autonomous
government�察 �and to the manner and means by which they obtained it�察�
consequently to the laws in so far as they were necessary to the
preservation of that special government�察 �and�察 �lastly�察 �to the manner in
which they were revealed。 In regard to other matters�察�wherein man's true
happiness consists�察�they were on a par with the rest of the nations。
��48�� When�察�therefore�察�it is said in Scripture ��Deut。 iv��7�� that the Lord is
not so nigh to any other nation as He is to the Jews�察�reference is only made
to their government�察�and to the period when so many miracles happened to
them�察 �for in respect of intellect and virtue ´ that is�察 �in respect of
blessedness ´ God was�察 �as we have said already�察 �and are now
demonstrating�察�equally gracious to all。 ��49�� Scripture itself bears testimony
to this fact�察�for the Psalmist says ��cxlv��18���察 �The Lord is near unto all them
that call upon Him�察�to all that call upon Him in truth。; ��50�� So in the same
Psalm�察�verse 9�察 �The Lord is good to all�察�and His tender mercies are over
all His works。; In Ps。 xxxiii��16�察�it is clearly stated that God has granted to
all men the same intellect�察 �in these words�察 �He fashioneth their hearts
alike。; The heart was considered by the Hebrews�察�as I suppose everyone
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knows�察�to be the seat of the soul and the intellect。
��51�� Lastly�察�from Job xxxviii��28�察�it is plain that God had ordained for
the whole human race the law to reverence God�察�to keep from evil doing�察�
or to do well�察 �and that Job�察 �although a Gentile�察 �was of all men most
acceptable to God�察 �because he exceeded all in piety and religion。 ��52��
Lastly�察�from Jonah iv��2�察�it is very evident that�察�not only to the Jews but to
all men�察 �God was gracious�察 �merciful�察 �long´ suffering�察 �and of great
goodness�察 �and repented Him of the evil�察 �for Jonah says�此 �Therefore I
determined to flee before unto Tarshish�察 �for I know that Thou art a
gracious God�察 �and merciful�察 �slow to anger�察 �and of great kindness�察─ �&c。�察�
and that�察�therefore�察 �God would pardon the Ninevites。 ��53�� We conclude�察�
therefore ��inasmuch as God is to all men equally gracious�察 �and the
Hebrews were only�察�chosen by him in respect to their social organization
and government���察 �that the individual Jew�察 �taken apart from his social
organization and government�察�possessed no gift of God above other men�察�
and that there was no difference between Jew and Gentile。 ��54�� As it is a
fact that God is equally gracious�察�merciful�察�and the rest�察�to all men�察�and as
the function of the prophet was to teach men not so much the laws of their
country�察�as true virtue�察�and to exhort them thereto�察�it is not to be doubted
that all nations possessed prophets�察 �and that the prophetic gift was not
peculiar to the Jews。 ��55�� Indeed�察�history�察�both profane and sacred�察�bears
witness to the fact。 ��56�� Although�察 �from the sacred histories of the Old
Testament�察�it is not evident that the other nations had as many prophets as
the Hebrews�察�or that any Gentile prophet was expressly sent by God to the
nations�察�this does not affect the question�察�for the Hebrews were careful to
record their own affairs�察�not those of other nations。 ��57�� It suffices�察�then�察�
that we find in the Old Testament Gentiles�察�and uncircumcised�察�as Noah�察�
Enoch�察�Abimelech�察 �Balaam�察 �&c。�察 �exercising prophetic gifts�察 �further�察 �that
Hebrew prophets were sent by God�察 �not only to their own nation but to
many others also。 ��58�� Ezekiel prophesied to all the nations then known�察�
Obadiah to none�察�that we are aware of�察�save the Idumeans�察�and Jonah was
chiefly the prophet to the Ninevites。 ��59�� Isaiah bewails and predicts the
calamities�察�and hails the restoration not only of the Jews but also of other
nations�察 �for he says ��chap。 xvi��9���察 �Therefore I will bewail Jazer with
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weeping�察─�and in chap。 xix。 he foretells first the calamities and then the
restoration of the Egyptians ��see verses 19�察�20�察�21�察�25���察�saying that God
shall send them a Saviour to free them�察�that the Lord shall be known in
Egypt�察 �and�察 �further�察 �that the Egyptians shall worship God with sacrifice
and oblation�察�and�察�at last�察�he calls that nation the blessed Egyptian people
of God�察�all of which particulars are specially noteworthy。
��60�� Jeremiah is called�察 �not the prophet of the Hebrew nation�察 �but
simply the prophet of the nations ��see Jer��i。5��。 ��61�� He also mournfully
foretells the calamities of the nations�察�and predicts their restoration�察�for he
says ��xlviii��31�� of the Moabites�察 �Therefore will I howl for Moab�察�and I
will cryout for all Moab; ��verse 36���察 �and therefore mine heart shall sound
for Moab like pipes�察─�in the end he prophesies their restoration�察�as also the
restoration of the Egyptians�察�Ammonites�察�and Elamites。 ��62�� Wherefore it
is beyond doubt that other nations also�察�like the Jews�察�had their prophets�察�
who prophesied to them。
��63�� Although Scripture only�察�makes mention of one man�察�Balaam�察�to
whom the future of the Jews and the other nations was revealed�察�we must
not suppose that Balaam prophesied only once�察�for from the narrative itself
it is abundantly clear that he had long previously been famous for
prophesy and other Divine gifts。 ��64�� For when Balak bade him to come to
him�察 �he said ��Num。 xxii��6���察 �For I know that he whom thou blessest is
blessed�察�and he whom thou cursest is cursed。; ��65�� Thus we see that he
possessed the gift which God had bestowed on Abraham。 Further�察 �as
accustomed to prophesy�察�Balaam bade the messengers wait for him till the
will of the Lord was revealed to him。 ��66�� When he prophesied�察 �that is�察�
when he interpreted the true mind of God�察 �he was wont to say this of
himself�此 �He hath said�察 �which heard the words of God and knew the
knowledge of the Most High�察�which saw the vision of the Almighty falling
into a tr
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