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the ways of men(繁断議返粁)-及28何蛍
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volume with a sigh�察�and murmurs in his humiliation�察 �Why have I been all
these years seeking in the clouds for what was lying ready at my hand�拭─�
The wide´reaching definition of the Russian writer has the effect of a
vigorous blow from a pickaxe at the foundations of a shaky and too
elaborate edifice。 The wordy superstructure of aphorisms and paradox falls
to the ground�察�disclosing fair ;Truth�察─�so long a captive within the temple
erected in her honor。 As�察�however�察�the newly freed goddess smiles on the
ignorant and the pedants alike�察 �the result is that with one accord the
aesthetes raise a howl� �And the `beautiful��'; they say�察 �the beautiful�拭�Can
there be any `Art' without the `Beautiful'�拭�What� �the little greengrocer at
the corner is an artist because�察�forsooth�察�he has arranged some lettuce and
tomatoes into a tempting pile� �Anathema� �Art is a secret known only to the
initiated few�察�the vulgar can neither understand nor appreciate it� �We are
the elect� �Our mission is to explain what Art is and point out her beauty to
a coarse and heedless world。 Only those with a sense of the `beautiful'
should be allowed to enter into her sacred presence。;
Here the expounders of ;Art; plunge into a sea of words�察 �offering a
dozen definitions each more obscure than its predecessor�察 �all of which
have served in turn as watchwords of different ;schools。; Tolstoi's
sweeping truth is too far´ reaching to please these gentry。 Like the priests
of past religions�察 �they would have preferred to keep such knowledge as
they had to themselves and expound it�察�little at a time�察�to the ignorant。 The
great Russian has kicked away their altar and routed the false gods�察�whose
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acolytes will never forgive him。
Those of my readers who have been intimate with painters�察�actors�察�or
musicians�察�will recall with amusement how lightly the performances of an
associate are condemned by the brotherhood as falling short of the high
standard which according to these wiseacres�察 �Art; exacts�察�and how sure
each speaker is of understanding just where a brother carries his ;mote。;
Voltaire once avoided giving a definition of the beautiful by saying�察�
;Ask a toad what his ideas of beauty are。 He will indicate the particular
female toad he happens to admire and praise her goggle´eyes and yellow
belly as the perfection of beauty� ─�A negro from Guiana will make much
the same unsatisfactory answer�察�so the old philosopher recommends us not
to be didactic on subjects where judgments are relative�察�and at the same
time without appeal。
Tolstoi denies that an idea as subtle as a definition of Art can be
classified by pedants�察�and proceeds to formulate the following delightful
axiom�此 �A principle upon which no two people can agree does not exist。;
A truth is proved by its evidence to all。 Discussion outside of that is
simply beating the air。 Each succeeding ;school; has sounded its death´
knell by asserting that certain combinations alone produced beauty ´ the
weakness of to´day being an inclination to see art only in the obscure and
the recondite。 As a result we drift each hour further from the truth。 Modern
intellectuality has formed itself into a scornful aristocracy whose members�察�
esteeming themselves the elite�察�withdraw from the vulgar public�察�and live
in a world of their own�察�looking ��like the Lady of Shalott�� into a mirror at
distorted images of nature and declaring that what they see is art� �
In literature that which is difficult to understand is much admired by
the simple´minded�察 �who also decry pictures that tell their own story� �A
certain class of minds enjoy being mystified�察�and in consequence writers�察�
painters�察�and musicians have appeared who are willing to juggle for their
amusement。 The simple definition given to us by the Russian writer comes
like a breath of wholesome air to those suffocating in an atmosphere of
perfumes and artificial heat。 Art is our common inheritance�察 �not the
property of a favored few。 The wide world we love is full of it�察�and each of
us in his humble way is an artist when with a full heart he communicates
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his delight and his joy to another。 Tolstoi has given us back our birthright�察�
so long withheld�察�and crowned with his aged hands the true artist。
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CHAPTER 19 ´ The Genealogical
Craze
THERE undoubtedly is something in the American temperament that
prevents our doing anything in moderation。 If we take up an idea�察 �it is
immediately run to exaggeration and then abandoned�察�that the nation may
fly at a tangent after some new fad。 Does this come from our climate�察�or
��as I am inclined to think�� from the curiously unclassified state of society
in our country�察 �where so few established standards exist and so few are
sure of their own or their neighbors' standing�拭 �In consequence�察 �if Mrs。
Brown starts anything�察 �Mrs。 Jones�察 �for fear of being left behind�察�
immediately ;goes her one better; to be in turn ;raised; by Mrs。 Robinson。
In other lands a reasonable pride of birth has always been one of the
bonds holding communities together�察�and is estimated at its just value。 We�察�
after having practically ignored the subject for half a century�察 �suddenly
rush to the other extreme�察 �and develop an entire forest of genealogical
trees at a growth。
Chagrined�察 �probably�察 �at the small amount of consideration that their
superior birth commanded�察 �a number of aristocratically minded matrons
united a few years ago as ;Daughters of the Revolution�察─ �restricting
membership to women descended from officers of Washington's army。
There may have been a reason for the formation of this society。 I say
;may; because it does not seem quite clear what its aim was。 The
originators doubtless imagined they were founding an exclusive circle�察�but
the numbers who clamored for admittance quickly dispelled this illusion。
So a small group of the elect withdrew in disgust and banded together
under the cognomen of ;Colonial Dames。;
The only result of these two movements was to awaken envy�察�hatred�察�
and malice in the hearts of those excluded from the mysterious rites�察�
which to outsiders seemed to consist in blackballing as many aspirants as
possible。 Some victims of this bad treatment�察�thirsting for revenge�察�struck
on the happy thought of inaugurating an ;Aztec; society。 As that title
conveyed absolutely no idea to any one�察 �its members were forced to
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explain that only descendants of officers who fought in the Mexican War
were eligible。 What the elect did when they got into the circle was not
specified。
The ;Social Order of Foreign Wars; was the next creation�察�its authors
evidently considering the Mexican campaign as a domestic article�察�a sort
of family squabble。 Then the ;Children of 1812; attracted attention�察�both
groups having immediate success。 Indeed�察�the vogue of these enterprises
has been in inverse ratio to their usefulness or RAISON D'ETRE�察�people
apparently being ready to join anything rather than get left out in the cold。
Jealous probably of seeing women enjoying all the fun�察�their husbands
and brothers next banded together as ;Sons of the Revolution。; The wives
retaliated by instituting the ;Granddaughters of the Revolution; and ;The
Mayflower Order�察─ �the ;price of admission; to the latter being descent
from some one who crossed in that celebrated ship ´ whether as one of the
crew or as passenger is not clear。
It was not�察�however�察�in the American temperament to rest content with
modest beginnings�察�the national motto being�察 �The best is good enough for
me。; So wind was quickly taken out of the Mayflower's sails
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