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history of the britons(下旋禽雰)-及1何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��


                          History Of The Britons 



History Of The Britons 



                                Nennius 

                  Translated by J。 A。 Giles 



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                              I。 The Prologue。 



     1。 Nennius�察�the lowly minister and servant of the servants of God�察�by 

the   grace   of   God�察  �disciple   of   St。   Elbotus��*   to   all   the   followers   of   truth 

sendeth health。 * Or Elvod�察�bishop of Bangor�察�A。D。 755�察�who first adopted 

in the Cambrian church the new cycle for regulating Easter。 

     Be   it   known   to   your   charity�察  �that   being   dull   in   intellect   and   rude   of 

speech�察�I  have presumed   to deliver these things in   the Latin   tongue�察 �not 

trusting to my own learning�察�which is little or none at all�察�but partly from 

traditions   of   our   ancestors�察  �partly   from   writings   and   monuments   of   the 

ancient inhabitants of Britain�察�partly from the annals of the Romans�察�and 

the    chronicles     of   the   sacred     fathers�察   �Isidore�察  �Hieronymus�察       �Prosper�察�

Eusebius�察  �and   from   the   histories   of   the   Scots   and   Saxons�察  �although   our 

enemies�察�not following my own inclinations�察�but�察�to the best of my ability�察�

obeying   the   commands   of   my  seniors�察  �I   have   lispingly  put   together   this 

history from various sources�察�and have endeavored�察�from shame�察�to deliver 

down to posterity the few remaining ears of corn about past transactions�察�

that they might not be trodden under foot�察�seeing that an ample crop has 

been snatched away already by the hostile reapers of foreign nations。 For 

many things have been in my way�察�and I�察�to this day�察�have hardly been able 

to   understand�察  �even   superficially�察  �as   was   necessary�察  �the   sayings   of   other 

men�察�much less was I able in my own strength�察�but like a barbarian�察�have I 

murdered and defiled the language of others。 But I bore about with me an 

inward   wound�察  �and   I   was   indignant�察  �that   the   name   of   my   own   people�察�

formerly   famous   and   distinguished�察  �should   sink   into   oblivion�察  �and   like 

smoke      be   dissipated。    But   since�察  �however�察     �I  had   rather   myself    be   the 

historian   of   the   Britons   than   nobody�察  �although   so   many  are   to   be   found 

who might much more satisfactorily discharge the labour thus imposed on 

me�察    �I  humbly     entreat    my   readers�察   �whose     ears   I  may     offend    by   the 

inelegance of my words�察�that they will fulfil the wish of my seniors�察�and 

grant me the easy task of listening with candour to my history。 For zealous 

efforts very often fail�此�but bold enthusiasm�察�were it in its power�察�would not 

suffer me to fail。 May�察�therefore�察�candour be shown where the inelegance 



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of my words is insufficient�察�and may the truth of this history�察 �which my 

rustic tongue has ventured�察  �as a   kind   of   plough�察�to trace out in   furrows�察�

lose none of its influence from that cause�察�in the ears of my hearers。 For it 

is better to drink   a   wholesome   draught of   truth   from  the   humble vessel�察�

than poison mixed with honey from a golden goblet。 

     2。 And do not be loath�察�diligent reader�察�to winnow my chaff�察�and lay up 

the wheat in the storehouse of your memory�此�for truth regards not who is 

the speaker�察�nor in what manner it is spoken�察�but that the thing be true�察�and 

she does not despise the jewel which she has rescued from the mud�察�but 

she adds it to her former treasures。 

     For I  yield to   those who   are greater  and more  eloquent   than   myself�察�

who�察     �kindled    with    generous      ardour�察   �have    endeavoured       by    Roman 

eloquence to smooth the jarring elements of their tongue�察�if they have left 

unshaken any pillar of history which I wished to see remain。 This history 

therefore has been compiled from a wish to benefit my inferiors�察�not from 

envy   of   those   who   are   superior   to   me�察  �in   the   858th   year   of   our   Lord's 

incarnation�察�and in the 24th year of Mervin�察�king of the Britons�察�and I hope 

that the prayers of my betters will be offered up for me in recompence of 

my   labour。   But   this   is   sufficient   by   way   of   preface。   I   shall   obediently 

accomplish the rest to the utmost of my power。 



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                II。 The Apology of Nennius 



     Here begins the apology of Nennius�察�the historiographer of the Britons�察�

of the race of the Britons。 

     3。 I�察�Nennius�察�disciple of St。 Elbotus�察�have endeavoured to write some 

extracts   which   the   dulness   of   the   British   nation   had   cast   away�察  �because 

teachers had no knowledge�察�nor gave any information in their books about 

this island of Britain。 But I have got together all that I could find as well 

from the annals of the Romans as from the chronicles of the sacred fathers�察�

Hieronymus�察�Eusebius�察�Isidorus�察�Prosper�察�and from the annals of the Scots 

and   Saxons�察  �and   from   our   ancient   traditions。   Many   teachers   and   scribes 

have   attempted   to   write   this�察  �but   somehow   or   other   have   abandoned   it 

from   its   difficulty�察  �either   on   account    of  frequent    deaths�察   �or  the   often 

recurring   calamities   of   war。   I   pray  that   every  reader   who   shall   read   this 

book�察�may pardon me�察�for having attempted�察�like a chattering jay�察�or like 

some weak witness�察�to write these things�察�after they had failed。 I yield to 

him who knows more of these things than I do。 



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                                   History Of The Britons 



                            III。 The History。 



     4�察�5。 From Adam to the flood�察�are two thousand and forty´two years。 

From the flood of Abraham�察�nine hundred and forty´two。 〃From Abraham 

to Moses�察�six hundred。* From Moses to Solomon�察�and the first building of 

the    temple�察   �four   hundred     and    forty´eight。    〃From     Solomon      to   the 

rebuilding of the temple�察�which was under Darius�察�king of the Persians�察�six 

hundred and twelve years are computed。  From Darius to the ministry  of 

our Lord Jesus Christ�察�and to the fifteenth year of the emperor Tiberius�察�

are five hundred and forty´eight years。 So that from Adam to the ministry 

of Christ and the fifteenth year of the emperor Tiberius�察�are five thousand 

two    hundred     and   twenty´eight     years。  From     the  passion    of  Christ   are 

completed nine hundred and forty´six�察�from his incarnation�察�nine hundred 

and seventy´six�此�being the fifth year of Edmund�察�king of the Angles。 * And 

forty�察�according to Stevenson's new edition。 The rest of this chronology is 

much   contracted   in   several   of   the   manuscripts�察  �and   hardly   two   of   them 

contain it exactly the same。 

     6。 The first age of the world is from Adam to Noah�察�the second from 

Noah   to   Abraham�察  �the   third   from   Abraham   to   David�察  �the   fourth   from 

David to Daniel�察�the fifth to John the Baptist�察�the sixth from John to the 

judgment�察�when our Lord Jesus Christ will come to judge the living and 

the dead�察�and the world by fire。 

     The   first Julius。 The second   Claudius。 The   third   Severus。 The   fourth 

Carinus。      The    fifth  Constantius。      The    sixth   Maximus。      The    seventh 

Maximianus。         The    eighth    another     Severus     Aequantius。      The    ninth 

Constantius。*   * This   list   of   the   Roman   emperors   who   visited   Britain�察  �is 

omitted in many of the MSS。 

     Here beginneth the history of the Britons�察�edited by Mark the anchorite�察�

a holy bishop of that people。 

     7。 The island of Britain derives its name from Brutus�察�a Roman consul。 

Taken from the south´west point it inclines a little towards the west�察�and to 

its northern extremity measures eight hundred miles�察�and is in breadth two 

hundred。 It contains thirty three cities�撮�1�А�viz。 



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                                     History Of The Britons 



     1。   Cair    ebrauc    ��York��。    2。  Cair   ceint   ��Canterbury��。      3。  Cair   gurcoc 

��Anglesey�殖�。 4。 Cair guorthegern ��2�А�5。 Cair custeint ��Carnarvon��。 6。 Cair 

guoranegon   ��Worcester��。   7。   Cair   segeint   ��Silchester��。   8。   Cair   guin   truis 

��Norwich�察  �or      Winwick��。      9。   Cair  merdin     ��Caermarthen��。   10。      Cair    peris 

��Porchester��。       11。   Cair    lion   ��Caerleon´upon´Usk��。          12。    Cair    mencipit 

��Verulam��。   13。  
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