voyage of the paper canoe-第15部分

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n；　let　him　go　into　the　　wilderness　and　live　close　to　his　Creator　by　studying　his　works；　and　a　whole　community　vex　him　on　his　return　with　〃the　appearance　of　the　thing。〃　These　self…constituted　critics；　who　are　generally　ignorant　of　the　laws　which　God　has　made　to　　secure　health　and　give　contentment　to　his　creatures；　would　poison　the　sick　man's　body　with　drugs　and　nostrums　when　he　might　have　the　delightful　and　generally　successful　services　of　Dr。　Camp　Cure　without　the　after　dose　of　a　bill。　　These　　hardworked　and　miserably　paid　country　clergymen；　who　are　rarely；　nowadays；　treated　as　the　head　of　the　congregation　or　the　shepherd　of　the　flock　they　are　supposed　to　lead；　but　rather　as　victims　of　the　whims　of　influential　members　of　the　church；　tell　me　that　to　own　a　canoe　is　indeed　a　cross；　and　that　if　they　spend　a　vacation　in　the　grand　old　forests　of　the　Adirondacks；　the　　brethren　are　sorely　exercised　over　the　time　wasted　in　such　unusual　and　unministerial　conduct。

Everywhere　along　the　route　the　peculiar　　character　of　the　paper　canoe　attracted　many　remarks　from　the　bystanders。　　The　first　impression　given　was　that　I　had　engaged　in　this　rowing　enterprise　under　the　stimulus　of　a　bet；　and　when　the　　curious　were　informed　that　it　was　a　voyage　of　study；　the　next　question　was　〃How　much　are　you　going　to　make　out　of　it？〃　Upon　learning　that　there　was　neither　a　bet　nor　money　in　it；　a　shade　of　disappointment　and　incredulity　rested　upon　the　features　of　the　bystanders；　and　the　canoeist　was　often　rated　as　a　〃blockhead〃　for　risking　his　life　without　being　paid　for　it。

At　Trenton　the　canal　passes　through　the　city　and　here　it　was　necessary　to　carry　the　boat　around　two　locks。　At　noon　the　canoe　ended　her　voyage　of　forty…two　miles　by　reaching　the　last　lock；　on　the　Delaware　River；　at　Bordentown；　New　Jersey；　where　friendly　arms　received　the　Maria　Theresa　and　placed　her　on　the　trestles　which　had　supported　her　sister　craft；　the　Mayeta；　in　the　shop　of　the　builder；　Mr。　J。　S。　Lamson；　situated　under　the　high　cliffs　along　the　crests　of　which　an　ex…king　of　Spain；　in　times　gone　by；　was　wont　to　walk　and　sadly　ponder　on　his　exile　from　la　belle　France。

The　Rev。　John　H。　Barkeley；　proprietor　as　well　as　principal　of　the　Bordentown　Female　　Seminary；　took　me　to　his　ancient　mansion；　where　Thomas　Paine；　of　old　Revolutionary　war　times；　had　lodged。　　Not　the　least　attraction　in　the　home　of　my　friend　was　the　group　of　fifty　young　ladies；　who　were　kind　enough　to　gather　upon　a　high　bluff　when　I　left　the　town；　and　wave　graceful　farewell　to　the　paper　canoe　as　she　　entered　the　tidal　current　of　the　river　Delaware　en　route　for　the　Quaker　city。

During　my　short　stay　in　Bordentown　Mr。　Isaac　Gabel　kindly　acted　as　my　guide　and　we　explored　the　Bonaparte　Park；　which　is　on　the　outskirts　of　the　town。　The　grounds　are　　beautifully　laid　out。　Some　of　the　old　houses　of　the　ex…king's　friends　and　attendants　still　remain　in　a　fair　state　of　preservation。　The　elegant　residence　of　Joseph　Bonaparte；　or　the　Count　de　　Surveilliers；　which　was　always　open　to　American　　visitors　of　all　classes；　was　torn　down　by　Mr。　Hairy　Beckon；　an　Englishman　in　the　diplomatic　　service　of　the　British　government；　who　purchased　this　property　some　years　after　the　Count　returned　to　Europe；　and　erected　a　more　elaborate　　mansion　near　the　old　site。　The　old　citizens　of　　Bordentown　hold　in　grateful　remembrance　the　　favors　showered　upon　them　by　Joseph　Bonaparte　and　his　family；　who　seem　to　have　lived　a　　democratic　life　in　the　grand　old　park。　The　Count　returned　to　France　in　1838；　and　never　visited　the　United　States　again。　New　Jersey　had　　welcomed　the　exiled　monarch；　and　had　given　him　certain　legal　privileges　in　property　rights　which　New　York　had　refused　him；　so　he　settled　upon　the　lovely　shores　of　the　fair　Delaware；　and　　lavished　his　wealth　upon　the　people　of　the　state　that　had　so　kindly　received　him。　The　citizens　of　neighboring　states　becoming　somewhat　　jealous　of　the　good　luck　that　had　befallen　New　　Jersey　in　her　capture　of　the　Spanish　king；　applied　to　the　state　the　cognomen　of　〃New　Spain；〃　and　called　the　inhabitants　thereof　〃Spaniards。〃

The　Delaware　River；　the　Makeriskitton　of　the　savage；　upon　whose　noble　waters　my　paper　canoe　was　now　to　carry　me　southward；　has　its　sources　in　the　western　declivity　of　the　Catskill　Mountains；　in　the　state　of　New　York。　It　is　fed　by　two　tributary　streams；　the　Oquago　（or　　Coquago）　and　the　Popacton；　which　unite　their　waters　at　the　boundary　line　of　Pennsylvania；　at　the　northeast　end　of　the　state；　from　which　it　flows　southward　seventy　miles；　separating　the　Empire　and　Keystone　states。　When　near　Port　Jervis；　which　town　is　connected　with　Rondout　on　the　Hudson　River；　by　the　Hudson　and　　Delaware　Canal；　the　Delaware　turns　sharply　to　the　southwest；　and　becomes　the　boundary　line　　between　the　states　of　New　Jersey　and　　Pennsylvania。　Below　Easton　the　river　again　takes　a　Southeasterly　course；　and　flowing　past　Trenton；　Bristol；　Bordentown；　Burlington；　Philadelphia；　Camden；　Newcastle；　and　Delaware　City；　empties　its　waters　into　Delaware　Bay　about　forty　miles　below　Philadelphia。

This　river　has　about　the　same　length　as　the　Hudson　　three　hundred　miles。　　The　tide　reaches　one　hundred　and　thirty…two　miles　from　the　sea　at　Cape　May　and　Cape　Henlopen。　　Philadelphia　is　the　head　of　navigation　for　vessels　of　the　heaviest　tonnage；　Trenton　for　light…draught　steamboats。　　At　Bordentown　the　river　is　less　than　half　a　mile　wide；　at　Philadelphia　it　is　three…fourths　of　a　mile　in　width；　while　at　　Delaware　City　it　widens　to　two　miles　and　a　half。　Delaware　Bay　is　twenty…six　miles　across　in　the　widest　part；　which　is　some　miles　within　the　entrance　of　the　Capes。

October　31st　was　cool　and　gusty。　　The　river　route　to　Philadelphia　is　twenty…nine　statute　miles。　The　passage　was　made　against　a　strong　head…wind；　with　swashy　waves；　which　made　me　again　regret　that　I　did　not　have　my　canoe…decking　made　at　Troy；　instead　of　at　Philadelphia。　　The　　highly　cultivated　farms　and　beautiful　country…seats　along　both　the　Pennsylvania　and　New　Jersey　sides　of　the　river　spoke　highly　of　the　rich　character　of　the　soil　and　the　thrift　of　the　inhabitants。　These　river　counties　of　two　states　may　be　called　a　land　of　plenty；　blessed　with　bountiful　　harvests。

Quaker　industry　and　wise　economy　in　　managing　the　agricultural　affairs　of　this　section　in　the　early　epochs　of　our　country's　settlement　have　borne　good　fruit。　　All　praise　to　the　　memory　of　William　Penn　of　Pennsylvania　and　his　worthy　descendants。　　The　old　towns　of　　Bristol　on　the　right；　and　Burlington　on　the　left　bank；　embowered　in　vernal　shades；　have　a　most　comfortable　and　home…like　appearance。

At　five　o'clock　P。　M。　I　arrived　at　the　city　pier　opposite　the　warehouse　of　Messrs。　C。　P。　Knight　&　Brother；　No。　114　South　Delaware　Avenue；　where；　after　a　struggle　with　wind　and　wave　for　eight　hours；　the　canoe　was　landed　and　deposited　with　the　above　firm；　the　gentlemen　of　which　kindly　offered　to　care　for　it　while　I　tarried　in　the　〃City　of　Brotherly　Love。〃

Among　the　many　interesting　spots　hallowed　by　memories　of　the　past　in　which　Philadelphia　abounds；　and　which　are　rarely　sought　out　by　visitors；　two　especially　claim　the　attention　of　the　naturalist。　　One　is　the　old　home　of　　William　Bartram；　on　the　banks　of　the　Schuylkill　at　Grey's　Ferry；　the　other；　the　grave　of　Alexander　Wilson；　friends　and　co…laborers　in　nature's　　extended　field；　　the　first　a　botanist；　the　second　the　father　of　American　ornithology。

William　Bartram；　son　of　the　John　Bartram　who　was　the　founder　of　the　Botanic　Garden　on　the　west　bank　of　the　Schuylkill；　was　born　at　that　interesting　spot　in　1739。　　All　botanists　are　familiar　with　the　results　of　his　patient　labors　and　his　pioneer　travels　in　those　early　days；　through　the　wilderness　of　what　now　constitutes　the　southeastern　states。　　One　who　visited　him　at　his　home　says：　〃Arrived　at　the　botanist's　garden；　we　approached　an　old　man　who；　with　a　rake　in　his　hand；　was　breaking　the　clods　of　earth　in　a　tulip…bed。　　His　hat　was　old；　and　flapped　over　his　Etee；　his　coarse　shirt　was　seen　near　his　neck；　as　he　wore　no　cravat　nor　kerchief；　his　waistcoat　and　breeches　were　both　of　leather；　and　his　shoes　were　tied　with　leather　strings。　　We　approached　and　accosted　him。　　He　ceased　his　work；　and　entered　into　conversation　with　the　ease　and　politeness　of　nature's　nobleman。　　His　　countenance　was　expressive　of　benignity　and　　happiness。　　This　was　the　botanist；　traveller　and　　philosopher　we　had　come　to　see。〃

William　Bartram　gave　important　assistance　and　encouragement　to　the　friendless　Scotch　　pedagogue；　Alexander　Wilson；　while　the　latter　was　preparing　his　American　Ornithology　for　the　press。　　This　industrious　and　peaceable　botanist　died　within　the　walls　of　his　dearly…loved　home　a　few　minutes　after　he　had　penned　a　description　of　a　plant。　　He　died　in　1823；　in　the　eighty…fifth　year　of　his　age。　　The　old　house　of　John　and　William　Bartram　remains　nearly　the　same　as　when　the　last　Bartram　died；　but　the　grounds　have　been　occupied　and　improved　by　the　present　proprietor；　whose　fine　mansion　is　near　the　old　residence　of　the　two　botanists。

Without　ample　funds　to　enable　him　to　carry　out　his　bold　design；　Alexander　Wilson　labored　and　suffered　in　body　and　mind　for　several　years；　until　his　patient　and　persistent　efforts　achieved　the　success　they　so　richly　merited。　　All　b