anabasis-第4部分

快捷操作: 按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页 按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页 按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部! 如果本书没有阅读完，想下次继续接着阅读，可使用上方 "收藏到我的浏览器" 功能 和 "加入书签" 功能！

mised　to　give　them　half　as　much　again　as　they　had　hitherto　receivedthat　is　to　say；　a　daric　and　a　half　a　month　to　each　man；　instead　of　a　daric。　Was　he　really　leading　them　to　attack　the　king？　Not　even　at　this　moment　was　any　one　apprised　of　the　fact；　at　any　rate　in　any　open　and　public　manner。



IV

From　this　point　he　marched　two　stagesten　parasangsto　the　river　　　　　　1　Psarus；　which　is　two　hundred　feet　broad；　and　from　the　Psarus　he　marched　a　single　stagefive　parasangsto　Issi；　the　last　city　in　Cilicia。　It　lies　on　the　seaboarda　prosperous；　large　and　flourishing　town。　Here　they　halted　three　days；　and　here　Cyrus　was　joined　by　his　fleet。　There　were　thirty…five　ships　from　Peloponnesus；　with　the　Lacedaemonian　admiral　Pythagoras　on　board。　These　had　been　piloted　from　Ephesus　by　Tamos　the　Egyptian；　who　himself　had　another　fleet　of　twenty…five　ships　belonging　to　Cyrus。　These　had　formed　Tamos's　blockading　squadron　at　Miletus；　when　that　city　sided　with　Tissaphernes；　he　had　also　used　them　in　other　military　services　rendered　to　Cyrus　in　his　operations　against　that　satrap。　There　was　a　third　officer　on　board　the　fleet；　the　Lacedaemonian　Cheirisophus；　who　had　been　sent　for　by　Cyrus；　and　had　brought　with　him　seven　hundred　hoplites；　over　whom　he　was　to　act　as　general　in　the　service　of　Cyrus。　The　fleet　lay　at　anchor　opposite　Cyrus's　tent。　Here　too　another　reinforcement　presented　itself。　This　was　a　body　of　four　hundred　hoplites；　Hellenic　mercenaries　in　the　service　of　Abrocomas；　who　　　　　　　　　3　deserted　him　for　Cyrus；　and　joined　in　the　campaign　against　the　king。

From　Issi；　he　marched　a　single　stagefive　parasangsto　the　gates　of　Cilicia　and　Syria。　This　was　a　double　fortress：　the　inner　and　nearer　one；　which　protects　Cilicia；　was　held　by　Syennesis　and　a　garrison　of　Cilicians；　the　outer　and　further　one；　protecting　Syria；　was　reported　to　be　garrisoned　by　a　body　of　the　king's　troops。　Through　the　gap　between　the　two　fortresses　flows　a　river　named　the　Carsus；　which　is　a　hundred　feet　broad；　and　the　whole　space　between　was　scarcely　more　than　six　hundred　yards。　To　force　a　passage　here　would　be　impossible；　so　narrow　was　the　pass　itself；　with　the　fortification　walls　stretching　down　to　the　sea；　and　precipitous　rocks　above；　while　both　fortresses　were　furnished　with　gates。　It　was　the　existence　of　this　pass　which　had　induced　Cyrus　to　send　for　the　fleet；　so　as　to　enable　him　to　lead　a　body　of　hoplites　inside　and　outside　the　gates；　and　so　to　force　a　passage　through　the　enemy；　if　he　were　guarding　the　Syrian　gate；　as　he　fully　expected　to　find　Abrocomas　doing　with　a　large　army。　This；　however；　Abrocomas　had　not　done；　but　as　soon　as　he　learnt　that　Cyrus　was　in　Cilicia；　he　had　turned　round　and　made　his　exit　from　Phoenicia；　to　join　the　king　with　an　army　amounting；　as　report　said；　to　three　hundred　thousand　men。

From　this　point　Cyrus　pursued　his　march；　through　Syria　a　single　stagefive　parasangsto　Myriandus；　a　city　inhabited　by　Phoenicians；　on　the　sea…coast。　This　was　a　commercial　port；　and　numerous　merchant　vessels　were　riding　at　anchor　in　the　harbour。　Here　they　halted　seven　days；　and　here　Xenias　the　Arcadian　general；　and　Pasion　the　Megarian　got　on　board　a　trader；　and　having　stowed　away　their　most　valuable　effects；　set　sail　for　home；　most　people　explained　the　act　as　the　outcome　of　a　fit　of　jealousy；　because　Cyrus　had　allowed　Clearchus　to　retain　their　men；　who　had　deserted　to　him；　in　hopes　of　returning　to　Hellas　instead　of　marching　against　the　king；　when　the　two　had　so　vanished；　a　rumour　spread　that　Cyrus　was　after　them　with　some　ships　of　war；　and　some　hoped　the　cowards　might　be　caught；　others　pitied　them；　if　that　should　be　their　fate。

But　Cyrus　summoned　the　generals　and　addressed　them：　〃Xenias　and　　　　　　　　　8　Pasion；〃　he　said；　〃have　taken　leave　of　us；　but　they　need　not　flatter　themselves　that　in　so　doing　they　have　stolen　into　hiding。　I　know　where　they　are　gone；　nor　will　they　owe　their　escape　to　speed；　I　have　men…of…war　to　capture　their　craft；　if　I　like。　But　heaven　help　me！　if　I　mean　to　pursue　them：　never　shall　it　be　said　of　me；　that　I　turn　people　to　account　as　long　as　they　stay　with　me；　but　as　soon　as　they　are　minded　to　be　off；　I　seize　and　maltreat　them；　and　strip　them　of　their　wealth。　Not　so！　let　them　go　with　the　consciousness　that　our　behaviour　to　them　is　better　than　theirs　to　us。　And　yet　I　have　their　children　and　wives　safe　under　lock　and　key　in　Tralles；　but　they　shall　not　be　deprived　even　of　these。　They　shall　receive　them　back　in　return　for　their　former　goodness　to　me。〃　So　he　spoke；　and　the　Hellenes；　even　those　who　had　been　out　of　heart　at　the　thought　of　marching　up　the　country；　when　they　heard　of　the　nobleness　of　Cyrus；　were　happier　and　more　eager　to　follow　him　on　his　path。

After　this　Cyrus　marched　onwards　four　stagestwenty　parasangsto　the　river　Chalus。　That　river　is　a　hundred　feet　broad；　and　is　stocked　with　tame　fish　which　the　Syrians　regard　as　gods；　and　will　not　suffer　to　be　injuredand　so　too　the　pigeons　of　the　place。　The　villages　in　which　they　encamped　belonged　to　Parysatis；　as　part　of　her　girdle　money＇1＇。　From　this　point　he　marched　on　five　stagesthirty　parasangsto　the　sources　of　the　river　Dardas；　which　is　a　hundred　feet　broad。　Here　stood　the　palace　of　Belesys；　the　ruler　of　Syria；　with　its　parkwhich　was　a　very　large　and　beautiful　one；　and　full　of　the　products　of　all　the　seasons　in　their　course。　But　Cyrus　cut　down　the　park　and　burnt　the　palace。　Thence　he　marched　on　three　stagesfifteen　parasangsto　the　river　Euphrates；　which　is　nearly　half　a　mile　broad。　A　large　and　　　　　　　　　11　flourishing　city；　named　Thapsacus；　stands　on　its　banks。　Here　they　halted　five　days；　and　here　Cyrus　sent　for　the　generals　of　the　Hellenes；　and　told　them　that　the　advance　was　now　to　be　upon　Babylon；　against　the　great　king；　he　bade　them　communicate　this　information　to　the　soldiers　and　persuade　them　to　follow。　The　generals　called　an　assembly；　and　announced　the　news　to　the　soldiers。　The　latter　were　indignant　and　angry　with　the　generals；　accusing　them　of　having　kept　secret　what　they　had　long　known；　and　refused　to　go；　unless　such　a　bribe　of　money　were　given　them　as　had　been　given　to　their　predecessors；　when　they　went　up　with　Cyrus　to　the　court　of　his　father；　not　as　now　to　fight　a　battle；　but　on　a　peaceful　errandthe　visit　of　a　son　to　his　father　by　invitation。　The　demand　was　reported　to　Cyrus　by　the　generals；　and　he　undertook　to　give　each　man　five　silver　minae　as　soon　as　Babylon　was　reached；　and　their　pay　in　full；　until　he　had　safely　conveyed　them　back　to　Ionia　again。　In　this　manner　the　Hellenic　force　were　persuadedthat　is　to　say；　the　majority　of　them。　Menon；　indeed；　before　it　was　clear　what　the　rest　of　the　soldiers　would　dowhether；　in　fact　they　would　follow　Cyrus　or　notcollected　his　own　troops　apart　and　made　them　the　following　speech；　〃Men；〃　he　said；　〃if　you　will　listen　to　me；　there　is　a　method　by　which；　without　risk　or　toil；　you　may　win　the　special　favour　of　Cyrus　beyond　the　rest　of　the　soldiers。　You　ask　what　it　is　I　would　have　you　to　do？　I　will　tell　you。　Cyrus　at　this　instant　is　begging　the　Hellenes　to　follow　him　to　attack　the　king。　I　say　then：　Cross　the　Euphrates　at　once；　before　it　is　clear　what　answer　the　rest　will　make；　if　they　vote　in　favour　of　following；　you　will　get　the　credit　of　having　set　the　example；　and　Cyrus　will　be　grateful　to　you。　He　will　look　upon　you　as　being　the　heartiest　in　his　cause；　he　will　repay；　as　of　all　others　he　best　knows　how；　while；　if　the　rest　vote　against　crossing；　we　shall　go　back　again；　but　as　the　sole　adherents；　whose　fidelity　he　can　altogether　trust；　it　is　you　whom　Cyrus　will　turn　to　account；　as　commandants　of　garrisons　or　captains　of　companies。　You　need　only　ask　him　for　whatever　you　want；　and　you　will　get　it　from　him；　as　being　the　friends　of　Cyrus。

＇1＇　Cf。　Plat。　〃Alcib。〃　i。　123　B。　〃Why；　I　have　been　informed　by　a　　　　　credible　person；　who　went　up　to　the　king　（at　Susa）；　that　he　passed　　　　　through　a　large　tract　of　excellent　land；　extending　for　nearly　a　　　　　day's　journey；　which　the　people　of　the　country　called　the　queen's　　　　　girdle；　and　another　which　they　called　her　veil；〃　etc。　Olympiodorus　　　　　and　the　Scholiast　both　think　that　Plato　here　refers　to　Xenophon　　　　　and　this　passage　of　the　〃Anabasis。〃　Grote　thinks　it　very　probable　　　　　that　Plato　had　in　his　mind　Xenophon　（either　his　〃Anabasis〃　or　　　　　personal　communications　with　him）。

The　men　heard　and　obeyed；　and　before　the　rest　had　given　their　answer；　they　were　already　across。　But　when　Cyrus　perceived　that　Menon's　troops　　16　had　crossed；　he　was　well　pleased；　and　he　sent　Glus　to　the　division　in　question；　with　this　message：　〃Soldiers；　accept　my　thanks　at　present；　eventually　you　shall　thank　me。　I　will　see　to　that；　or　my　name　is　not　Cyrus。〃　The　soldiers　therefore　could　not　but　pray　heartily　for　his　success；　so　high　their　hopes　ran。　But　to　Menon；　it　was　said；　he　sent　gifts　with　lordly　liberality。　This　done；　Cyrus　proceeded　to　cross；　and　in　his　wake　followed　the　rest　of　the　armament　to　a　man。　As　they　forded；　never　a　man　was　wetted　above　the　chest：　nor　ever　until　this　moment；　said　the　men　of　Thapascus；　had　the　river　been　so　crossed　on　foot；　boats　had　always　been　required；　but　these；　at　the　present　time；　Abrocomas；　in　his　desire　to　hinder　Cyrus　from　crossing；　had　been　at　pains　to　burn。　Thus　the　passage　was　looked　upon　as　a　thing　miraculou